• DAY3SVR: Nws Storm Prediction Center Norman Ok

    From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Friday, August 22, 2025 07:19:43
    ACUS03 KWNS 220719
    SWODY3
    SPC AC 220718

    Day 3 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0218 AM CDT Fri Aug 22 2025

    Valid 241200Z - 251200Z

    ...THERE IS A MARGINAL RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS ACROSS PARTS OF
    THE CENTRAL HIGH PLAINS...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Thunderstorms associated with isolated severe gusts and hail will be
    possible in parts of the central High Plains Sunday afternoon and
    evening.

    ...Central High Plains...
    At mid-levels, northwest flow will be in place on Sunday over much
    of the Great Plains and Rockies. Within the flow, a shortwave
    mid-level trough is forecast to move southeastward across the
    north-central U.S. At the surface, a southeast-to-northwest axis of instability, associated with a slow-moving front, is forecast to
    develop by afternoon from western Kansas into western Nebraska and
    northeastern Colorado. The shortwave trough will provide large-scale
    ascent to aid convective development near the instability axis in
    the late afternoon. Thunderstorms are expected to form in the
    central High Plains and move southeastward across the region. NAM
    forecast soundings late Sunday afternoon near the instability axis
    have MLCAPE peaking around 2500 J/kg, with 0-6 km shear in the 50 to
    60 knot range. This will likely support an isolated severe threat,
    with hail and marginally severe wind gusts possible from late
    afternoon into early evening.

    ..Broyles.. 08/22/2025

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Friday, August 22, 2025 19:19:45
    ACUS03 KWNS 221919
    SWODY3
    SPC AC 221918

    Day 3 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0218 PM CDT Fri Aug 22 2025

    Valid 241200Z - 251200Z

    ...THERE IS A MARGINAL RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS ACROSS EASTERN
    COLORADO INTO WESTERN KANSAS...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Isolated strong to severe thunderstorms are possible across eastern
    Colorado into western Kansas Sunday afternoon and evening.

    ...Central High Plains...

    Northwesterly mid/upper flow will be in place across the High Plains
    on Sunday on the back side of the large-scale upper trough over the
    eastern U.S. A midlevel shortwave impulse is forecast to move across
    the central Rockies during the afternoon/evening. At the same time,
    southerly low-level flow will maintain a narrow corridor of modest
    boundary layer moisture (upper 50s to low 60s F) across parts of
    eastern CO/western KS. Steep midlevel lapse rates will aid in
    1000-2000 J/kg MLCAPE values within this corridor. As a result,
    thunderstorms are likely to develop over higher terrain during the
    afternoon and could spread southeast into the moist axis.

    Some uncertainty exists with regards to early-day convection and
    cloud cover. Afternoon temperatures may remain rather cool and could
    hamper stronger destabilization. However, if storms can develop and
    become sustained off the higher terrain, vertical shear will be
    sufficient for organized cells. Elongated forecast hodographs and
    cool 500 mb temperatures indicate hail could occur with any stronger
    sustained cells. If stronger heating/boundary layer mixing can
    occur, gusty winds also may accompany this activity.

    ..Leitman.. 08/22/2025

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Saturday, August 23, 2025 06:58:49
    ACUS03 KWNS 230658
    SWODY3
    SPC AC 230658

    Day 3 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0158 AM CDT Sat Aug 23 2025

    Valid 251200Z - 261200Z

    ...NO SEVERE THUNDERSTORM AREAS FORECAST...

    ...SUMMARY...
    The potential for severe storms across the continental U.S. on
    Monday and Monday night appears to be low.

    ...DISCUSSION...
    A large-scale cyclonic flow pattern will remain over much of the
    eastern half of the U.S. on Monday. At the surface, a large area of
    high pressure will settle in across the north-central U.S., as a
    relative cool and dry airmass remains in place from the eastern Gulf
    Coast states northward into the Great Lakes. A front is forecast to
    move through New England, along which isolated thunderstorm
    development is expected during the day. Instability near the front
    should remain weak, and the potential for severe storms appears low.


    In the central U.S., northwesterly mid-level flow will be in place
    on Monday. A slow-moving front is forecast over the southern High
    Plains. Scattered thunderstorms will be possible in the afternoon
    near the front from south-central Colorado into the northern Texas
    Panhandle. Along and near the front, instability is expected to
    remain weak, suggesting the severe potential should remain low.
    Elsewhere across the continental U.S., a severe threat is not
    expected Monday or Monday night.

    ..Broyles.. 08/23/2025

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Saturday, August 23, 2025 19:28:53
    ACUS03 KWNS 231928
    SWODY3
    SPC AC 231927

    Day 3 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0227 PM CDT Sat Aug 23 2025

    Valid 251200Z - 261200Z

    ...NO SEVERE THUNDERSTORM AREAS FORECAST...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Severe storms are not forecast on Monday.

    ...Synopsis...
    An upper low will progress eastward into Quebec, with a large area
    of cyclonic flow aloft over much of the eastern CONUS on Monday.
    West of this trough, and upper ridge will remain from the Four
    Corners states into western TX.

    At the surface, an expansive area of high pressure will result in
    relatively stable/dry conditions over much of the central and
    eastern CONUS. The leading cold front and bulk of associated
    thunderstorm activity will stretch from the western Atlantic into
    the northern Gulf. Western portions of the front will extend into
    central TX, where southerly winds will maintain a moist and
    marginally unstable air mass.

    Early day activity may exist over KS into OK where southerly 850 mb
    flow may yield elevated instability atop the surface front.
    Additional storm development is possible south of any such activity
    into northwest TX, but poor lapse rates and shear aloft will limit
    severe potential. Otherwise, scattered afternoon thunderstorms are
    likely over much of the Intermountain West as areas of midlevel
    moisture persist.

    ..Jewell.. 08/23/2025

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sunday, August 24, 2025 07:02:26
    ACUS03 KWNS 240702
    SWODY3
    SPC AC 240701

    Day 3 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0201 AM CDT Sun Aug 24 2025

    Valid 261200Z - 271200Z

    ...NO SEVERE THUNDERSTORM AREAS FORECAST...

    ...SUMMARY...
    A severe threat is not expected to develop across the continental
    U.S. on Tuesday or Tuesday night.

    ...DISCUSSION...
    At mid-levels, a large-scale trough will remain over the eastern
    U.S., as northwest flow continues over much of the central U.S. and
    a ridge remains over the Rockies. At the surface, a large area of
    high pressure will remain anchored over central and eastern U.S.
    Along the southern and western periphery of this post-frontal
    airmass, isolated to scattered thunderstorms will be possible from
    the Rockies into the southern Plains and Gulf Coast states. No
    severe threat is expected across the continental United States
    Tuesday or Tuesday night.

    ..Broyles.. 08/24/2025

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sunday, August 24, 2025 13:17:30
    ACUS03 KWNS 241317
    SWODY3
    SPC AC 241316

    Day 3 Convective Outlook RESENT 1
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0816 AM CDT Sun Aug 24 2025

    Valid 261200Z - 271200Z

    ...NO SEVERE THUNDERSTORM AREAS FORECAST...

    ...SUMMARY...
    A severe threat is not expected to develop across the continental
    U.S. on Tuesday or Tuesday night.

    ...DISCUSSION...
    At mid-levels, a large-scale trough will remain over the eastern
    U.S., as northwest flow continues over much of the central U.S. and
    a ridge remains over the Rockies. At the surface, a large area of
    high pressure will remain anchored over central and eastern U.S.
    Along the southern and western periphery of this post-frontal
    airmass, isolated to scattered thunderstorms will be possible from
    the Rockies into the southern Plains and Gulf Coast states. No
    severe threat is expected across the continental United States
    Tuesday or Tuesday night.

    ..Broyles.. 08/24/2025

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sunday, August 24, 2025 19:28:30
    ACUS03 KWNS 241928
    SWODY3
    SPC AC 241927

    Day 3 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0227 PM CDT Sun Aug 24 2025

    Valid 261200Z - 271200Z

    ...NO SEVERE THUNDERSTORM AREAS FORECAST...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Severe storms are not expected across the continental U.S. on
    Tuesday.

    ...Synopsis...
    High pressure will stabilize much of the central and eastern CONUS
    on Tuesday as a large-scale upper trough persists from the MS Valley
    to the East Coast. At the surface, a cold front will be located from
    northern FL across the northern Gulf and into south-central TX early
    in the day, and will continue to push south, along with the higher
    dewpoints and instability. Scattered thunderstorms will be possible
    over FL and parts of southern TX, but severe storms are unlikely
    given weak shear and poor lapse rates aloft.

    Otherwise, scattered daytime storms are likely over much of the
    Intermountain West, where midlevel moisture will remain plentiful,
    and only a weak upper ridge over the Rockies remaining.

    ..Jewell.. 08/24/2025

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Monday, August 25, 2025 07:16:05
    ACUS03 KWNS 250716
    SWODY3
    SPC AC 250714

    Day 3 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0214 AM CDT Mon Aug 25 2025

    Valid 271200Z - 281200Z

    ...NO SEVERE THUNDERSTORM AREAS FORECAST...

    ...SUMMARY...
    The potential for severe storms appears to be low across the
    continental U.S. for Wednesday and Wednesday night.

    ...DISCUSSION...
    A mid-level cyclonic flow pattern is forecast to be maintained over
    much of the eastern half of the nation on Wednesday, as a shortwave
    ridge stays in place over the southern and central Rockies. At the
    surface, a large area of high pressure will remain centered on the
    mid Mississippi Valley. Along the western periphery of this
    post-frontal airmass, low-level moisture return is forecast over the
    southern plains on Wednesday. An axis of instability appears likely
    to develop by late afternoon along the northern edge of the
    returning low-level moisture from western Oklahoma into southwest
    Kansas. As an 850 mb jet strengthens during the evening, isolated to
    scattered thunderstorms are expected to develop from near this
    instability axis eastward across parts of central and eastern
    Kansas. It appears this convection will remain non-severe, and may
    be primarily elevated in nature. Elsewhere across the continental
    U.S., no severe threat is expected Wednesday or Wednesday night.

    ..Broyles.. 08/25/2025

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Monday, August 25, 2025 19:13:37
    ACUS03 KWNS 251913
    SWODY3
    SPC AC 251912

    Day 3 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0212 PM CDT Mon Aug 25 2025

    Valid 271200Z - 281200Z

    ...NO SEVERE THUNDERSTORM AREAS FORECAST...

    ...SUMMARY...
    The potential for severe storms appears to be low across the
    continental U.S. on Wednesday. A few stronger storms cannot be ruled
    out over parts of Minnesota and Wisconsin late in the day, and over
    eastern Colorado.

    ...Synopsis and Discussion...
    An upper trough will exit the Mid Atlantic/Northeast on Wednesday
    with a secondary wave developing later in the period into the Upper
    and Middle MS Valley and Great Lakes. Behind the initial trough,
    high pressure will already be in place over the OH Valley, which
    will limit destabilization ahead of the secondary system. However, a
    narrow plume of low-level moisture with 50s F dewpoints will result
    in a marginally unstable environment across the upper MS Valley by
    late afternoon. Cool temperatures aloft and modest deep-layer shear
    of 20-30 kt may result in a few cells capable of mainly
    small/non-severe hail.

    Southwest of this region, east/southeast surface winds will persist
    over the central plains, as a weak surface trough develops over
    eastern CO. The moist easterly flow toward the Front Range may
    result in a few stronger cells, perhaps with hail potential. Lapse
    rates aloft will not be very steep beneath the weak upper ridge, nor
    will shear be very favorable. However, at least small hail may occur
    locally during the late afternoon for a short time near peak
    heating.

    ..Jewell.. 08/25/2025

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Tuesday, August 26, 2025 07:25:09
    ACUS03 KWNS 260725
    SWODY3
    SPC AC 260724

    Day 3 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0224 AM CDT Tue Aug 26 2025

    Valid 281200Z - 291200Z

    ...NO SEVERE THUNDERSTORM AREAS FORECAST...

    ...SUMMARY...
    A few strong thunderstorms are possible across parts of the southern
    Plains Thursday afternoon and evening.

    ...Synopsis...
    Upper troughing will persist over the eastern CONUS while an upper
    ridge remains in place across the Southwest on Thursday. Multiple
    mid-level perturbations will rotate around the broader upper trough,
    promoting enough lift to support thunderstorms across portions of
    the Great Lakes. Multiple rounds of south-southeastward progressing thunderstorms are also likely across the southern Plains into the
    Southeast along a frontal boundary through the day. Rich low-level
    moisture and associated ample buoyancy will precede the southern
    Plains storms during the afternoon, which may promote strong storm
    potential given modest wind shear.

    ...Southern Plains...
    An MCS may be ongoing across portions of the Southern Plains at the
    start of the period, leaving an outflow boundary in its wake. South
    of the outflow boundary, robust surface heating will take place,
    supporting surface temperatures reaching 90 F amid low 70s F
    dewpoints. Despite poor (i.e. 6-6.5 C/km) mid-level lapse rates, the
    rich low-level moisture may support 2000-3000 J/kg MLCAPE. Modest
    veering and strengthening of the flow with height will result in 35
    kts of effective bulk shear. The development of multicells and/or
    the southwestward back-building of an older MCS is anticipated by
    mid to late afternoon, with strong thunderstorms possible. The main
    uncertainty at this point is the placement and movement of the
    outflow boundary, which will directly influence where any isolated
    severe thunderstorms may occur. As such, Category 1/Marginal risk
    probabilities have been withheld given placement uncertainties,
    though severe probabilities may be needed in future outlooks.

    ..Squitieri.. 08/26/2025

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Tuesday, August 26, 2025 19:15:13
    ACUS03 KWNS 261915
    SWODY3
    SPC AC 261914

    Day 3 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0214 PM CDT Tue Aug 26 2025

    Valid 281200Z - 291200Z

    ...NO SEVERE THUNDERSTORM AREAS FORECAST...

    ...SUMMARY...
    A few strong thunderstorms are possible across parts of the southern
    Plains Thursday afternoon and evening.

    ...Southern Plains...

    An MCS is likely to be ongoing Thursday morning across portions of
    KS/OK/AR. This activity will likely diminish as it develops
    southeast toward the ArkLaTex during the afternoon. A composite
    outflow/surface cold front will then spread south/southwest across
    OK/the Panhandles/eastern NM by mid-afternoon, though forecast
    guidance varies on the exact location of the surface boundary. Near
    the boundary, a corridor of 60s F dewpoints will be in place. While
    midlevel lapse rates are expected to be relatively weak, rich
    boundary layer moisture should support a corridor of 1000-2000 J/kg
    MLCAPE in the vicinity of the Red River. Low-level winds are
    expected to remain light, but vertically veering profiles will
    support around 20-30 kt effective shear magnitude. Where strong
    heating can occur ahead of the boundary, isolated strong storms
    could develop during the afternoon/evening. Locally strong gusts are
    possible with this activity.

    At this time, uncertainty in the evolution of the surface boundary
    and coverage of thunderstorms precludes severe probabilities.

    ..Leitman.. 08/26/2025

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Wednesday, August 27, 2025 07:15:15
    ACUS03 KWNS 270715
    SWODY3
    SPC AC 270714

    Day 3 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0214 AM CDT Wed Aug 27 2025

    Valid 291200Z - 301200Z

    ...NO SEVERE THUNDERSTORM AREAS FORECAST...

    ...SUMMARY...
    A couple of strong storms cannot be ruled out from the Sabine River
    Valley to the southern High Plains.

    ...Synopsis...
    An upper-level cutoff low will meander over New England while upper
    ridging prevails over the western and central U.S. on Friday. As
    surface high pressure remains in place across the Great Lakes and
    Interior West, weak surface troughing will encourage low-level
    moisture return across the Plains states. With daytime heating,
    thunderstorms may develop off of a remnant outflow boundary across
    central TX into the Sabine River Valley that was left behind by
    storms from Day 2. Storms are also expected to develop off of the
    higher terrain across the High Plains given modest upslope low-level
    flow. Adequate low-level moisture, overspread by modest mid-level
    lapse rates/vertical wind shear, will support isolated strong
    thunderstorms across the southern High Plains toward the Sabine
    River Valley (along the outflow boundary). Sub-severe wind/hail
    should accompany the stronger storms. However, mediocre
    thermodynamic vertical profiles (evident via forecast soundings),
    suggest that severe storms should be quite sparse, with no severe
    probabilities introduced this outlook.

    ..Squitieri.. 08/27/2025

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Wednesday, August 27, 2025 19:02:19
    ACUS03 KWNS 271902
    SWODY3
    SPC AC 271901

    Day 3 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0201 PM CDT Wed Aug 27 2025

    Valid 291200Z - 301200Z

    ...THERE IS A MARGINAL RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS ACROSS PORTIONS
    OF SOUTHEAST TEXAS AND SOUTHWEST LOUISIANA...AND PARTS OF THE
    CENTRAL/SOUTHERN HIGH PLAINS...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Isolated strong to severe storms are possible across southeast Texas
    into southwest Louisiana, and over parts of the central/southern
    High Plains on Friday.

    ...Portions of TX to the Lower MS Valley...

    An upper trough will persist over the eastern U.S. with modest
    northwesterly flow aloft overspreading much of the Plains to the MS
    Valley. At the surface, a cold front will be oriented from southwest
    TX to the ArkLaTex, then east/southeast toward the central Gulf
    Coast. Ahead of the front, a moist airmass will be in place across
    TX into the Lower MS Valley. Midlevel lapse rates are forecast to
    remain weak, but the rich boundary layer moisture and strong heating
    will allow MLCAPE reaching 1500-2500 J/kg, mainly across southeast
    TX into LA. Convection is likely to be ongoing during the morning in
    the form of a decaying/remnant MCS from the Day 2/Thursday period
    from parts of AR/LA into MS/AL. New development/re-intensification
    may occur during the afternoon as the surface front/outflow develops
    southward into the moderately unstable/very moist airmass. Locally strong/damaging wind gusts could occur with this activity.

    ...Central/Southern High Plains...

    Southeasterly surface winds in the post-frontal upslope flow regime
    will bring upper 50s to near 60 F dewpoints into western NE,
    southwest through eastern CO/NM along a surface trough. Strong
    daytime heating and midlevel lapse rates near 7-7.5 C/km will foster
    MLCAPE in the 1000-2000 J/kg range. Vertically veering wind profiles
    will support effective shear magnitudes around 25-35 kt. Isolated
    thunderstorms could occasionally become strong, producing gusty
    winds and marginally severe hail.

    ..Leitman.. 08/27/2025

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Thursday, August 28, 2025 07:13:53
    ACUS03 KWNS 280713
    SWODY3
    SPC AC 280712

    Day 3 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0212 AM CDT Thu Aug 28 2025

    Valid 301200Z - 311200Z

    ...NO SEVERE THUNDERSTORM AREAS FORECAST...

    ...SUMMARY...
    A few strong storms are possible across the southern High Plains on
    Saturday.

    ...Synopsis...
    An upper-level low will eject into the Atlantic from New England as
    upper ridging remains in place over the Rockies, and a mid-level
    trough impinges on the Pacific Northwest coastline on Saturday. A
    broad northwesterly upper-flow regime will become established over
    the central U.S., with surface lee troughing encouraging warm and
    moist low-level upslope flow along the central and southern High
    Plains. During the afternoon, scattered thunderstorms will develop
    over the higher terrain of eastern CO/NM and advance eastward during
    the evening hours. Buoyancy does not look particularly strong, and
    vertical wind shear should be modest at best. Nonetheless, a few
    strong storms may develop over eastern CO/NM into western KS to the
    TX Panhandle. The stronger storms may produce wind gusts and hail
    approaching severe limits. However, the sparse nature of the severe
    threat, and uncertainties regarding where the best buoyancy/shear
    will overlap, preclude severe probabilities at this time.

    ..Squitieri.. 08/28/2025

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Thursday, August 28, 2025 18:52:10
    ACUS03 KWNS 281850
    SWODY3
    SPC AC 281849

    Day 3 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0149 PM CDT Thu Aug 28 2025

    Valid 301200Z - 311200Z

    ...NO SEVERE THUNDERSTORM AREAS FORECAST...

    ...SUMMARY...
    A few strong storms are possible across the southern High Plains on
    Saturday.

    ...Central/Southern High Plains...

    An upper level northwest flow regime will persist on Saturday, with
    a large-scale upper trough remaining over the eastern U.S. while
    ridging builds over the West. South/southeasterly low-level flow
    will maintain 60s F dewpoints across eastern CO/western KS southward
    into eastern NM and western TX. Steep midlevel lapse rates will
    foster MLCAPE in the 1000-2000 J/kg range across the High Plains.
    Thunderstorms are expected to develop over the higher terrain by
    mid-afternoon and spread east/southeast into better boundary layer
    moisture and more favorable instability. Vertical shear will remain
    modest, but vertically veering profiles will support 20-30 kt
    effective shear. Elongated forecast hodographs suggest small hail
    will be possible within this environment, while steep low-level
    lapse rates support stronger downdrafts and locally gusty winds.
    Severe probabilities could be need for parts of the region in
    subsequent outlooks if confidence increases in a more concentrated
    corridor of marginal severe potential.

    ..Leitman.. 08/28/2025

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Friday, August 29, 2025 07:12:00
    ACUS03 KWNS 290711
    SWODY3
    SPC AC 290711

    Day 3 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0211 AM CDT Fri Aug 29 2025

    Valid 311200Z - 011200Z

    ...NO SEVERE THUNDERSTORM AREAS FORECAST...

    ...SUMMARY...
    A couple of strong storms cannot be ruled out in the central Plains
    on Sunday.

    ...Synopsis...
    A mid-level trough will eject into the Atlantic while another
    mid-level trough retrogrades northwestward from the Pacific
    Northwest, resulting in a broad northwesterly flow regime across
    most of the CONUS on Sunday. Surface lee troughing will persist
    across the Plains states, where adequate moisture will be in place
    to support isolated to scattered thunderstorms. Guidance consensus
    shows that both vertical wind shear and instability will be rather
    weak over the Plains. While isolated instances of sub-severe wind
    and hail are possible, the threat for severe hazards appears too
    sparse to warrant severe probabilities this outlook.

    ..Squitieri.. 08/29/2025

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Friday, August 29, 2025 19:07:33
    ACUS03 KWNS 291907
    SWODY3
    SPC AC 291906

    Day 3 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0206 PM CDT Fri Aug 29 2025

    Valid 311200Z - 011200Z

    ...NO SEVERE THUNDERSTORM AREAS FORECAST...

    ...SUMMARY...
    A couple of strong storms cannot be ruled out in the central Plains
    on Sunday.

    ...Synopsis...

    Broad, upper level troughing will persist across much of the CONUS
    east of the Rockies on Sunday. At the surface, high pressure will be
    centered near the Great Lakes, while a cold front sags southward
    across portions of TX and the Gulf Coast region. Persistent, but
    modest northwesterly flow aloft and adequate boundary layer moisture/instability will support scattered thunderstorms across the
    Plains. Overall, severe potential is expected to remain low, but a
    couple of strong storms across central/south TX could produce
    locally gusty winds where stronger heating/destabilization occurs
    ahead of the surface boundary.

    ..Leitman.. 08/29/2025

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Saturday, August 30, 2025 07:24:07
    ACUS03 KWNS 300724
    SWODY3
    SPC AC 300723

    Day 3 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0223 AM CDT Sat Aug 30 2025

    Valid 011200Z - 021200Z

    ...NO SEVERE THUNDERSTORM AREAS FORECAST...

    ...SUMMARY...
    A strong storm or two cannot be ruled out in the central or southern
    Plains on Monday.

    ...Synopsis...
    A broad northwesterly upper flow regime will become established over
    the Plains and MS Valley as upper ridging remains in place across
    the Interior West on Monday. Surface high pressure will be
    commonplace across much of the MS Valley to the East Coast, as well
    areas west of the Rockies. Rich low-level moisture will meander over
    the Plains and Gulf Coast region, serving as a primary fuel source
    for thunderstorms. A diffuse surface front will sag southward across
    the southern Plains as weak mid-level impulses overspread the
    Plains, serving as lifting mechanisms for deep-moist convection. A
    couple of strong storms with sub-severe wind and hail cannot be
    ruled out. However, the threat for organized severe appears too low
    to warrant the introduction of severe probabilities this outlook.

    ..Squitieri.. 08/30/2025

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Saturday, August 30, 2025 19:17:38
    ACUS03 KWNS 301917
    SWODY3
    SPC AC 301916

    Day 3 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0216 PM CDT Sat Aug 30 2025

    Valid 011200Z - 021200Z

    ...NO SEVERE THUNDERSTORM AREAS FORECAST...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Severe potential is low Monday.

    ...Synopsis...
    A persistent northwesterly flow regime will continue over the Plains
    and MS Valley as upper ridging intensifies across the Interior West
    on Monday. In the wake of upper troughing over the East, surface
    high pressure is expected across much of the MS Valley to the East
    Coast. Unseasonably cool surface conditions will prevail over much
    of the eastern US, while robust moisture content lingers over the
    central CONUS. A weak cold front will continue to meander south over
    the Plains, serving as a focus for afternoon storms.

    ...Southern Plains...
    Across the southern and central Plains, several clusters of
    thunderstorms are likely to be ongoing at the start of the period
    ahead of a diffuse cold front moving south. Cloud debris and outflow
    from these clusters will likely modify the surrounding air mass
    casting significant uncertainty on diurnal destabilization. Still,
    some heating of a seasonably moist air mass should support modest
    buoyancy by the afternoon. Reintensification of some of these
    thunderstorm clusters, or additional development along outflow or
    MCVs is possible. While a strong storm or two with damaging gusts
    cannot be ruled out, the modest buoyancy and poor lapse rates will
    likely limit convective intensity. Severe probabilities will remain
    below 5%.

    ..Lyons.. 08/30/2025

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sunday, August 31, 2025 07:31:12
    ACUS03 KWNS 310731
    SWODY3
    SPC AC 310730

    Day 3 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0230 AM CDT Sun Aug 31 2025

    Valid 021200Z - 031200Z

    ...NO SEVERE THUNDERSTORM AREAS FORECAST...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Severe storms are not anticipated on Tuesday.

    ...Synopsis...
    Broad cyclonic flow aloft will continue to overspread the eastern
    U.S. as upper ridging remains in place west of the Rockies. Guidance
    consensus depicts a pronounced, positively-tilted mid-level trough
    rapidly amplifying while quickly translating southeastward, pivoting
    around the broader cyclonic flow aloft. As a result, a cold front
    will begin surge southward across the northern Plains on Tuesday.
    Farther to the south, rich low-level moisture will continue to
    meander across the central and southern Plains into the Lower MS
    Valley. Strong thunderstorms could occur along/ahead of the surface
    cold front over the northern Plains, where modest tropospheric lapse
    rates and vertical wind shear would support strong wind gusts.
    Similarly, a couple of thunderstorms with strong wind gusts cannot
    be ruled out over the Lower MS Valley, where a passing mid-level
    perturbation may locally augment deep-layer shear to support
    multicellular structures. Nonetheless, the anticipated coverage of
    severe wind or hail appears too low for the introduction of severe probabilities this outlook.

    ..Squitieri.. 08/31/2025

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sunday, August 31, 2025 19:30:44
    ACUS03 KWNS 311930
    SWODY3
    SPC AC 311929

    Day 3 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0229 PM CDT Sun Aug 31 2025

    Valid 021200Z - 031200Z

    ...NO SEVERE THUNDERSTORM AREAS FORECAST...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Strong thunderstorms are possible across parts of the northern
    Plains, Upper Midwest, and lower Mississippi Valley on Tuesday,
    though severe potential is uncertain.

    ...Parts of the northern Plains/Upper Midwest...
    Within a broader northwesterly flow regime, a vigorous
    mid/upper-level shortwave trough is forecast to move southeastward
    from northern SK into MB on Tuesday, and approach northern ND/MN by
    the end of the period. This shortwave and attendant large-scale
    ascent will eventually impinge upon a zone of favorable
    boundary-layer moisture and moderate instability along/ahead of a
    cold front from parts of the Dakotas into MN. However, guidance
    continues to vary regarding the timing of the shortwave and related mid/upper-level jet, placement of the cold front by late afternoon,
    and extent to which stronger deep-layer shear overspreads the more
    favorable instability.

    There will be some potential for storm development along/ahead of
    the front during the afternoon and evening, and also for elevated
    convection behind the front. A few strong storms (both elevated and surface-based) will be possible, and severe probabilities may be
    needed once confidence increases regarding the evolution of the
    primary synoptic features.

    ...Lower MS Valley into parts of the TN Valley...
    Scattered thunderstorms are possible during the afternoon and
    evening across parts of the lower MS Valley into parts of the TN
    Valley, within a modest west-northwesterly flow regime. A
    low-amplitude shortwave approaching the base of a deep
    mid/upper-level trough covering the eastern CONUS may locally
    enhance ascent and deep-layer shear, and gusty winds could accompany
    the strongest storms. However, midlevel lapse rates are expected to
    remain quite weak, and updrafts may not become sufficiently strong
    to support an organized severe threat.

    ..Dean.. 08/31/2025

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Monday, September 01, 2025 07:29:19
    ACUS03 KWNS 010729
    SWODY3
    SPC AC 010728

    Day 3 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0228 AM CDT Mon Sep 01 2025

    Valid 031200Z - 041200Z

    ...THERE IS A MARGINAL RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS ACROSS PARTS OF
    THE CENTRAL PLAINS...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Isolated severe storms are possible over portions of the central
    Plains on Wednesday.

    ...Synopsis...
    A mid-level trough will deepen while also taken on a more neutral
    tilt over the Midwest as upper ridging persists west of the Rockies
    on Wednesday. The deepening mid-level trough will encourage the
    continued southward progression of a surface cold front over the
    central Plains into the OH Valley. Seasonal low-level moisture ahead
    of the front will promote buoyancy to support thunderstorms, which
    should develop with the aid of low-level frontal convergence. Since
    stronger northwesterly flow aloft will begin to overspread the
    pre-frontal airmass and support adequate vertical wind shear aloft,
    isolated severe thunderstorms are possible across parts of the
    central Plains.

    ...Portions of the Central Plains...
    By afternoon, surface temperatures should warm well into the 70s F
    amid mid 60s F dewpoints, which when overspread by 7+ C/km mid-level
    lapse rates, will yield over 2000 J/kg MLCAPE, especially over
    eastern KS. Winds will gradually veer with height, from southwest to
    northwest through the boundary layer, then increase from 20 kts
    around 700 mb, to about 40 kts in the 500-300 mb layer. This profile
    will support modestly elongated and curved hodographs and 40-50 kts
    of effective bulk shear. The stronger storms that develop ahead of
    the cold front will likely be mixed modal between multicells and
    supercells, capable of at least isolated severe hail and wind.
    Category 1/Marginal Risk severe probabilities have been introduced,
    though higher probabilities may be needed if it becomes clear that
    more sustained supercells can materialize over eastern KS.

    ..Squitieri.. 09/01/2025

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Monday, September 01, 2025 19:26:22
    ACUS03 KWNS 011926
    SWODY3
    SPC AC 011925

    Day 3 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0225 PM CDT Mon Sep 01 2025

    Valid 031200Z - 041200Z

    ...THERE IS A MARGINAL RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS WEDNESDAY
    AFTERNOON AND EVENING ACROSS PARTS OF SOUTH CENTRAL AND EASTERN
    KANSAS INTO WESTERN AND CENTRAL MISSOURI AND PORTIONS OF
    NORTHEASTERN OKLAHOMA...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Strong thunderstorms may impact parts of the central Great Plains
    into Missouri Ozarks late Wednesday afternoon into early evening,
    accompanied by at least some risk for severe hail and wind.

    ...Discussion...
    Tuesday into Wednesday, models indicate little change to the
    amplified large-scale pattern across the mid-latitude eastern
    Pacific through North America. Mid/upper troughing will be
    maintained to the east of the Canadian/U.S. Rockies, reinforced by
    one vigorous short wave trough forecast to continue digging
    southeast of the northern Great Plains/Upper Midwest vicinity, as a
    similar upstream perturbation digs southeast of the Northwest
    Territories through eastern Canadian Prairies.

    A surface cold front associated with the lead impulse is forecast to
    continue surging southeastward through the remainder of the
    Midwest/lower Ohio and middle Mississippi Valleys and central Great
    Plains, accompanied by notable further low-level drying. Seasonably
    high moisture content will generally remain confined to a plume
    across the central Gulf Basin and Florida Peninsula into
    southwestern Atlantic, on the southern through southeastern
    periphery of the larger-scale mid/upper troughing.

    ...Central Great Plains into Missouri Ozarks...
    Mid/upper forcing for ascent overspreading the region, to the
    southwest of the primary digging mid-level troughing/evolving low,
    remains unclear due to lingering model spread. However, models
    suggest that boundary-layer moisture will remain sufficient to
    support moderate potential instability beneath a pre-frontal plume
    of steepening lower/mid-tropospheric lapse rates.

    Focusing on the southward advancing cold front, and pre-frontal
    surface troughing, at least isolated to widely scattered
    thunderstorm development appears possible by late Wednesday
    afternoon. Beneath strengthening northwesterly mid-level flow, the
    environment may become conducive to supercells and one or two small
    organizing clusters with potential to produce severe hail and wind,
    before convection weakens during the evening with the loss of
    daytime heating.

    ..Kerr.. 09/01/2025

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Tuesday, September 02, 2025 07:25:23
    ACUS03 KWNS 020725
    SWODY3
    SPC AC 020724

    Day 3 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0224 AM CDT Tue Sep 02 2025

    Valid 041200Z - 051200Z

    ...THERE IS A MARGINAL RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS FOR PORTIONS OF
    THE CENTRAL APPALACHIANS...

    ...SUMMARY...
    A few strong to potentially severe gusts may accompany a band of
    thunderstorms across parts of the central Appalachians on Thursday.

    ...Synopsis...
    Broad cyclonic flow will overspread much of the central and eastern
    CONUS on Thursday. Through the period, a mid-level impulse will
    pivot around the broader cyclonic flow into Quebec while an even
    more potent embedded mid-level trough rapidly amplifies over the
    Midwest. As a result, a surface cold front will rapidly surge
    eastward over the Appalachians and impinge on the East Coast, where
    seasonal low-level moisture will be in place to support an extensive
    band of thunderstorms. Given overlapping buoyancy and vertical wind
    shear, a few storms may be strong to severe.

    ...Central Appalachians...
    The cold front will surge to the east during the late morning into
    early afternoon hours, encountering low 60s F dewpoints over the
    central Appalachians. Tropospheric lapse rates should be poor,
    yielding thin MLCAPE profiles in the 500-1000 J/kg range. The lack
    of stronger buoyancy should limit the severe threat to a degree.
    Nonetheless, strengthening and veering of the 850-500 mb flow with
    height will encourage curved/elongated hodographs with 40-50 kts of
    effective bulk shear. A broken squall line should develop ahead of
    the cold front, perhaps with transient rotating cells, capable of
    mainly damaging gusts, warranting the introduction of Category
    1/Marginal risk probabilities.

    ..Squitieri.. 09/02/2025

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Tuesday, September 02, 2025 19:28:57
    ACUS03 KWNS 021928
    SWODY3
    SPC AC 021928

    Day 3 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0228 PM CDT Tue Sep 02 2025

    Valid 041200Z - 051200Z

    ...THERE IS A MARGINAL RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS THURSDAY IN A
    CORRIDOR FROM THE LEE OF THE ALLEGHENY MOUNTAINS INTO THE TENNESSEE
    VALLEY...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Scattered strong thunderstorms may impact a corridor from the lee of
    the Allegheny Mountains into the Tennessee Valley on Thursday,
    accompanied by a risk for potentially damaging wind gusts.

    ...Discussion...
    Models suggest that amplified large-scale mid-level troughing to the
    east of the Canadian/U.S. Rockies may continue to gradually
    consolidate during this period, becoming centered around a notable
    deepening and occluding cyclone across northern Ontario, to the west
    of James Bay. Around the southwestern periphery of this feature, a
    significant trailing short wave perturbation is forecast to dig
    across the northern U.S. Great Plains and Midwest through lower
    Great Lakes region, accompanied by a secondary surface cyclone and
    reinforcing cold intrusion from the lee of the northern Rockies
    through much of the central Great Plains and lower Missouri Valley
    by daybreak Friday. It appears that the occluding preceding front
    will progress east/southeast of the lower Great Lakes and Ohio
    Valley, before stalling and weakening, while seasonably high
    moisture content remains confined to a remnant preceding boundary
    across the southwestern Atlantic into southern Florida/southeastern
    Gulf Basin.

    ...Northern Mid Atlantic into Tennessee Valley...
    Aided by modestly steepening lower tropospheric lapse rates, it
    appears that residual boundary-layer moisture may become supportive
    of weak to modest destabilization, within at least a narrow
    pre-frontal corridor across the region during the day Thursday.
    This may include CAPE on the order of 500-1000 J/kg, in the presence
    of strengthening, but still modest, cyclonic west-southwesterly lower/mid-tropospheric flow, including 20-40+ kt in the 850-500 mb
    layer. It is possible that this environment may become conducive to
    at least widely scattered strong thunderstorm development capable of
    producing a few strong to potentially damaging wind gusts.

    ..Kerr.. 09/02/2025

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Wednesday, September 03, 2025 07:29:02
    ACUS03 KWNS 030728
    SWODY3
    SPC AC 030727

    Day 3 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0227 AM CDT Wed Sep 03 2025

    Valid 051200Z - 061200Z

    ...NO SEVERE THUNDERSTORM AREAS FORECAST...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Thunderstorms will be possible across much of the West, the southern
    Rockies, Florida, and along and near a frontal boundary from New
    England into the southern Plains. Widespread organized severe
    weather is not anticipated.

    ... Discussion ...

    The amplified midlevel pattern of the previous few days will persist
    through Friday/Day-3 across North America, with a western Canada
    ridge and a continental-scale trough across eastern Canada and the
    eastern US. Within the eastern trough, a seasonably strong closed
    low over Ontario should begin to fill by late in the forecast
    period. As this is occurring, multiple shortwave troughs traversing
    the larger scale flow field will rotate around the Ontario low.

    The strongest of these shortwave troughs will have moved south
    through Canada the day before and should be located in the vicinity
    of the Lower Great Lakes at the start of the forecast period. In
    response to this shortwave trough, strong northerly low-to-mid-level
    flow across the Plains overnight Thursday into Friday will help
    tighten the low-level thermal gradient across the Plains. This front
    will slowly move south through Friday into Friday night.

    A modest surface low is expected to develop across southwest
    Oklahoma or northwest Texas, along the surface front, by Friday
    morning. This surface low should slowly sag south through the day
    with the front. Despite moving south, away from Oklahoma, the flow
    around this surface low will still be able to draw Gulf moisture
    northward into Oklahoma and Arkansas. As this increasing low-level
    moisture converges along the front, diurnal heating of this
    moistening airmass will yield most-unstable CAPE values perhaps in
    excess of 3000 J/kg along and south of the surface front.

    Despite the strong instability and strong thermal gradient, the slow
    moving nature of the front will tend to favor anafrontal
    circulations. This appears to be borne out in the latest operational
    guidance suite with precipitation being favored on the cold side of
    the thermal gradient. This would tend to limit the overall risk of
    severe weather. However, given the degree of instability and the
    presence of a strong cold front, the risk of warm-sector convection
    remains. If confidence in warm-sector convection occurring
    increases, severe probabilities may be warranted across portions of
    eastern Oklahoma east through Arkansas into western Tennessee and
    northern Mississippi.

    ..Marsh.. 09/03/2025

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Wednesday, September 03, 2025 19:31:33
    ACUS03 KWNS 031931
    SWODY3
    SPC AC 031930

    Day 3 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0230 PM CDT Wed Sep 03 2025

    Valid 051200Z - 061200Z

    ...NO SEVERE THUNDERSTORM AREAS FORECAST...

    ...SUMMARY...
    A couple strong thunderstorms will be possible from the
    Ohio/Tennessee Valleys to the southern Plains and across parts of
    Oregon on Friday, though the potential for organized severe storms
    appears low.

    ...Discussion...
    A broad midlevel trough centered on the Great Lakes region will
    shift slightly eastward through the period, as a midlevel speed
    maximum advances east-northeastward from the Great Lakes into
    Quebec. A related surface low will track northeastward from Ontario
    into Quebec, while a cold front extents southwestward across the OH
    Valley to a separate surface low in the southern Great Plains. Given
    a slow east-southeastward motion of the front and large-scale
    forcing for ascent lagging behind, thunderstorms may tend to be
    anafrontal. However, if any thunderstorms can develop
    along/immediately ahead of the front from the OH/TN Valleys into the
    southern Plains, ample moisture/buoyancy and around 30 kt of
    midlevel west-southwesterly flow would conditionally support a
    couple strong/loosely organized storms.

    Farther west, a midlevel trough will approach the Pacific Northwest
    through the period. Related forcing for ascent will promote
    scattered thunderstorms across OR. Moderately enhanced midlevel flow
    and steep deep-layer lapse rates may promote a couple strong storms
    capable of producing locally strong wind gusts.

    ..Weinman.. 09/03/2025

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Thursday, September 04, 2025 07:16:39
    ACUS03 KWNS 040716
    SWODY3
    SPC AC 040715

    Day 3 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0215 AM CDT Thu Sep 04 2025

    Valid 061200Z - 071200Z

    ...THERE IS A MARGINAL RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS FROM NORTHERN
    NORTH CAROLINA NORTHWARD INTO SOUTHERN PENNSYLVANIA...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Strong thunderstorms are expected from northern North Carolina into
    southern Pennsylvania on Saturday. The strongest storms may pose a
    threat for damaging winds.

    ... Discussion ...

    A surface cold front will slowly move east across the eastern US on
    Saturday. Along and ahead of this front, surface temperatures should
    warm into the upper-80Fs to low-90Fs from the Mid-Atlantic region
    southward into the Carolinas, with surface dewpoint temperatures in
    the upper-60Fs to low-70Fs. As a result a corridor of instability
    perhaps as great as 2000 J/kg will develop from North Carolina
    northward into the Mid-Atlantic area.

    Isolated to scattered thunderstorms should develop during the
    afternoon along the slow moving front across the Carolinas into the
    Mid Atlantic. Despite deep layer shear on the order of 40 knots and
    2000 J/kg CAPE, poor mid-level lapse rates and precipitable water
    values around 1.75 inches should limit the overall severe threat to
    the potential for isolated damaging thunderstorm winds.

    ..Marsh.. 09/04/2025

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Thursday, September 04, 2025 19:30:41
    ACUS03 KWNS 041930
    SWODY3
    SPC AC 041929

    Day 3 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0229 PM CDT Thu Sep 04 2025

    Valid 061200Z - 071200Z

    ...THERE IS A MARGINAL RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS FROM THE
    MID-ATLANTIC INTO THE NORTHEAST...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Widely scattered thunderstorms will pose a risk of damaging wind
    gusts across parts of the Mid-Atlantic into the Northeast on
    Saturday.

    ...Synopsis...
    A broad/amplified mid/upper-level trough encompassing much of the
    eastern CONUS will shift slightly eastward through the forecast
    period, while an accompanying strong upper-level jet advances
    northeastward across Quebec. In the low-levels, a related
    north-south-oriented cold front will move eastward across the
    Northeast and Mid-Atlantic region through the afternoon.

    ...Northeast into the Mid-Atlantic...
    Ahead of the eastward-moving cold front, diurnal heating/
    destabilization of a moist boundary layer (middle/upper 60s to lower
    70s dewpoints) will contribute to a corridor of moderate
    surface-based buoyancy (1000-2000 J/kg MLCAPE) from the Mid-Atlantic
    into the Northeast -- despite poor midlevel lapse rates. Diurnal
    heating and related buoyancy may be limited with northward extent
    owing to increased cloud coverage near the right-entrance region of
    the upper-level jet. As the front intercepts the
    destabilizing/uncapped pre-convective air mass, widely scattered
    thunderstorms should develop along/immediately ahead of the front
    during the afternoon. Around 35-45 kt of front-parallel effective
    shear will support a mix of loosely organized convective bands and
    clusters. Given the enhanced deep-layer unidirectional flow and
    steepening low-level lapse rates, damaging wind gusts will be
    possible with the stronger storms into the evening. Depending on the
    degree of destabilization over parts of the Mid-Atlantic into the
    Northeast, an eventual upgrade may be warranted.

    ..Weinman.. 09/04/2025

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Friday, September 05, 2025 07:28:15
    ACUS03 KWNS 050728
    SWODY3
    SPC AC 050727

    Day 3 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0227 AM CDT Fri Sep 05 2025

    Valid 071200Z - 081200Z

    ...NO SEVERE THUNDERSTORM AREAS FORECAST...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Potential for severe weather appears low on Sunday.

    ...Carolinas...
    With the Northeast trough eventually moving offshore by early Sunday
    morning, a cold front will continue to progress southeastward on
    Sunday. Some remaining, modestly strong mid-level flow will reside
    on the southern flank of the trough within parts of the Carolinas.
    The timing of the front will be key to whether severe potential
    exists. The ECMWF is the only guidance showing convection occurring
    onshore. Uncertainty remains too high for severe probabilities.

    ...Parts of eastern Colorado into the Raton Mesa...
    Minor mid-level flow enhancement within the upper-level ridge will
    exist across parts of the central/southern Rockies. Modest westerly/northwesterly flow aloft and weak southeasterly surface
    winds near the lee trough could allow for storm organization.
    However, questions remain whether capping will fully erode in the
    High Plains. If activity can move off of the terrain, it may remain
    elevated. While a stronger storm or two could occur, confidence in a
    more organized severe threat remains limited.

    ..Wendt.. 09/05/2025

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Friday, September 05, 2025 19:50:17
    ACUS03 KWNS 051950
    SWODY3
    SPC AC 051949

    Day 3 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0249 PM CDT Fri Sep 05 2025

    Valid 071200Z - 081200Z

    ...NO SEVERE THUNDERSTORM AREAS FORECAST...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Potential for severe weather appears low on Sunday.

    ...Synopsis...
    A large upper trough will affect the Great Lakes to Northeast
    region, while an upper ridge gradually weakens over the Rockies.
    High pressure will bring cooler and stable conditions to much of the
    central and eastern CONUS, as the leading cold front moves into
    coastal Southeast and toward the northern Gulf. As such, instability
    for thunderstorms will be limited in area.

    Afternoon storms do appear likely over the eastern Carolinas during
    the afternoon as the front lingers. Shear will be weak but a few
    stronger storms capable of locally gusty winds may occur.

    To the west, the stalled portion of the front over central TX may
    yield areas of rain and thunderstorms, but severe appears unlikely.

    Otherwise, a few nocturnal storms are expected over the central High
    Plains Sunday night, as southerly winds in the low-levels support a
    narrow ribbon of moisture/instability. While low-end hail cannot be
    ruled out, overall potential remains low at this time frame.

    ..Jewell.. 09/05/2025

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Saturday, September 06, 2025 07:34:22
    ACUS03 KWNS 060734
    SWODY3
    SPC AC 060733

    Day 3 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0233 AM CDT Sat Sep 06 2025

    Valid 081200Z - 091200Z

    ...NO SEVERE THUNDERSTORM AREAS FORECAST...

    ...SUMMARY...
    The potential for severe weather on Monday is expected to remain
    low.

    ...Synopsis...
    Upper-level ridging will shift eastward at the beginning of the
    week. An upper-level trough will approach the West Coast. At the
    surface, a high pressure system will remain in much of the CONUS
    east of the Missouri River. With the approach of the western trough,
    some modest mid-level flow enhancement will promote stronger lee
    troughing in the High Plains. A very subtle, weak shortwave trough
    is currently forecast to be in the central Plains early Monday and
    move eastward.

    ...Parts of southern/central Plains...
    With moisture return continuing on the western flank of the surface
    high, there is some potential for storm development along the lee
    trough. Potential will likely be highest in these areas as they have
    the more favorable overlap of stronger surface heating and low-level
    moisture. Mid-level northwesterly winds will not be overly strong,
    but around 25-30 kts of effective shear can be expected. However,
    large scale ascent will be weak. Furthermore, most guidance show
    somewhat mild temperatures and at least some remaining MLCIN even
    during the afternoon. If a storm were to form, it could be strong to
    severe, but confidence in initiation remains rather low.

    ..Wendt.. 09/06/2025

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Saturday, September 06, 2025 19:06:24
    ACUS03 KWNS 061906
    SWODY3
    SPC AC 061905

    Day 3 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0205 PM CDT Sat Sep 06 2025

    Valid 081200Z - 091200Z

    ...NO SEVERE THUNDERSTORM AREAS FORECAST...

    ...SUMMARY...
    The potential for severe weather on Monday is expected to remain
    low.

    ...Southern High Plains to Upper Midwest...

    West to northwesterly mid/upper flow will persist over the central
    U.S., flanked by an upper ridge over the Rockies and an upper trough
    oriented from the Great Lakes to central Gulf Coast. A couple of
    embedded shortwave impulses will migrate through the
    west/northwesterly flow regime across the central/northern Plains to
    the Upper Midwest. At the surface, modest surface low development
    over the Dakotas and a surface trough oriented from the Upper MS
    Valley into the southern High Plains, will result in modest
    southerly return flow. This will transport low to mid 60s F
    dewpoints north/northeast within a narrow corridor from western TX
    into western portions of the central Plains and northeast into the
    eastern Dakotas and MN.

    Vertically veering winds will support marginal supercell wind
    profiles with around 25-35 kt effective shear magnitudes and
    elongated hodographs. However, convective coverage is uncertain.
    With southward extent into the central/southern Plains vicinity,
    forcing will be weak. Potential early-day clouds and remnant
    convection from the Day 2 period over parts of KS may limit
    thunderstorm potential during the afternoon depending on airmass
    recovery and potential outflow. Further north toward MN, vertical
    shear will be stronger and forcing for ascent may be stronger as a
    shortwave impulse drops southeast from the Canadian Prairies.
    However, forecast soundings indicate a warm layer/capping between
    850-700 mb. Isolated thunderstorms (some strong) could develop
    anywhere along the surface trough given modest shear and 1000-2000
    J/kg MLCAPE, and severe probabilities could be needed at some point.
    However, concerns over storm coverage, capping and possible
    influences from prior convection preclude probabilities at this
    time.

    ..Leitman.. 09/06/2025

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sunday, September 07, 2025 07:31:01
    ACUS03 KWNS 070730
    SWODY3
    SPC AC 070729

    Day 3 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0229 AM CDT Sun Sep 07 2025

    Valid 091200Z - 101200Z

    ...NO SEVERE THUNDERSTORM AREAS FORECAST...

    ...SUMMARY...
    A few strong storms are possible over the central Plains and Upper
    Midwest Tuesday, but overall severe potential is low.

    ...Synopsis...
    A broad upper trough across the Pacific Northwest is forecast to
    intensify as it shifts eastward, impinging on the western flank of a
    shortwave ridge centered over the Rockies. To the east, persistent
    troughing should remain in place, with surface high pressure
    dominating the eastern half of the country. As southwesterly flow
    aloft increases over the western US and central Rockies, a subtle
    shortwave trough/vort max will pass over the crest of the ridge and
    into the Plains Tuesday afternoon and evening. This should aid in
    strengthening a lee trough over the High Plains, potentially serving
    as a focus for isolated thunderstorm development.

    ...Central High Plains..
    Continued low-level southerly flow will advect richer surface
    moisture northwestward across the High Plains beginning early
    Tuesday. As dewpoints increase into the low to mid 60s F, strong
    heating should support robust destabilization along and east of the
    lee trough. 1500-2500 J/kg of MLCAPE will develop beneath
    substantial capping as mid-level heights will likely remain neutral
    through much of the day. Eventually, weak ascent from the embedded
    shortwave trough and low-level upslope flow may allow for isolated
    storm development along the lee trough over the central High Plains. Northwesterly flow aloft will be marginally supportive of organized
    storms, including the potential for supercells. However, given the
    capping and weak ascent, considerable uncertainty remains regarding
    storm coverage and severity. While sporadic hail and severe gusts
    cannot be ruled out, confidence remains too low for severe
    probabilities at this time.

    ...Northern Plains and Upper Midwest...
    A diffuse front will stall across the northern Plains/Upper Midwest
    early Tuesday beneath the western extension of the broad eastern US
    trough. Weak low-level warm air advection may support scattered
    showers and thunderstorms through much of Tuesday near the front.
    These parcels are likely to be elevated along and north of the front
    with modest buoyancy and vertical shear expected to limit overall
    severe potential. Still, a few stronger storms with sporadic hail
    potential may evolve, though confidence in a sustained severe risk
    is low.

    ..Lyons.. 09/07/2025

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sunday, September 07, 2025 19:10:01
    ACUS03 KWNS 071909
    SWODY3
    SPC AC 071908

    Day 3 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0208 PM CDT Sun Sep 07 2025

    Valid 091200Z - 101200Z

    ...NO SEVERE THUNDERSTORM AREAS FORECAST...

    ...SUMMARY...
    A few strong storms are possible over the central Plains and Upper
    Midwest Tuesday, but overall severe potential is low.

    ...Central/Southern High Plains...

    Upper ridging will build east into the High Plains on Tuesday. At
    the surface, a lee trough will extend southward from western NE into
    the TX Panhandle during the afternoon. Southerly low-level flow will
    maintain 60s F dewpoints beneath a plume of steep midlevel lapse
    rates. As a result, MLCAPE from 1500-2500 J/kg will be common.
    However, forecast guidance suggests at least weak capping may
    persist across much of the narrow warm/moist sector, leading to
    uncertainty in storm development/coverage. Nevertheless, if storms
    can initiate and persist, supercell wind profiles will support
    convection capable of large hail and strong gusts from
    western/central NE into western KS, and the OK/TX Panhandle
    vicinity. Uncertainty remains too high to delineate an area at this
    time, but probabilities could become necessary in subsequent
    outlooks.

    ...Upper Midwest...

    A stalled surface boundary will extend from eastern SD into
    central/northern MN and the upper Great Lakes vicinity on Tuesday.
    Warm advection atop the boundary in a modestly sheared and weakly
    unstable environment will support periods of showers and
    thunderstorms through much of Tuesday. Overall severe potential is
    expected to remain low as convection should remain to the cool side
    of the boundary and be elevated, but a stronger storm or two could
    produce small hail or locally gusty winds.

    ..Leitman.. 09/07/2025

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Monday, September 08, 2025 07:31:03
    ACUS03 KWNS 080730
    SWODY3
    SPC AC 080729

    Day 3 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0229 AM CDT Mon Sep 08 2025

    Valid 101200Z - 111200Z

    ...NO SEVERE THUNDERSTORM AREAS FORECAST...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Scattered showers and thunderstorms are possible over parts of the
    Northwest, Northern Rockies and High Plains Wednesday. A stronger
    storm or two is possible, but severe potential is low.

    ...Synopsis...
    The broad upper low over the western US is forecast to deepen slowly
    as shortwave ridging to the east also intensifies. Between the
    trough and the ridge, a 50+ kt mid-level jet streak and vort max are
    forecast to lift northward across the Great Basin into the northern
    Rockies. Ascent from the approaching jet will overspread a weak lee
    trough, eventually resulting in surface cyclogenesis over portions
    of central and western MT. The deepening low will draw modest
    moisture westward across parts of MT, WY and the western Dakotas,
    potentially supporting isolated thunderstorms, while scattered
    storms are more likely over parts of the Great Basin and northern
    Rockies.

    ...Northern and central High Plains...
    As the lee low deepens over central MT, low-level moisture will
    begin to move west along the trailing surface trough. Robust heating
    is expected over much of the High Plains owing to clear skies
    beneath the pronounced mid-level ridging. Weak ascent from the
    approaching vort max/jet should aid in gradual destabilization
    through the afternoon, though some capping is likely to be in place
    along the narrow warm/moist sector. This should limit diurnal
    thunderstorm development across much of the High Plains. Still, some
    potential for isolated storm development exists across the Black
    Hills or along the lee trough into eastern WY. Sporadic severe gusts
    would be the main hazard should sustained deep convection develop
    given steep low and mid-level lapse rates. Confidence in storm
    development remains too low for severe probabilities at this time
    given the limited synoptic ascent.

    ...Northwest and northern Rockies...
    Closer to the center of the upper low across eastern WA/OR, northern
    ID and western MT, scattered thunderstorms are likely Wednesday as
    ascent from the approaching mid-level jet intensifies. Cooler
    mid-level temperatures will overspread modest low-level moisture
    (40s F dewpoints) supporting weak destabilization through the day.
    Some gusty thunderstorm winds are possible owing to fairly steep
    low-level lapse rates, and scattered storm coverage. However,
    largely meridional flow aloft, remnant cloud cover, and MLCAPE
    generally less than 500 J/kg suggest organized severe potential
    should remain quite limited.

    ..Lyons.. 09/08/2025

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Monday, September 08, 2025 19:14:13
    ACUS03 KWNS 081914
    SWODY3
    SPC AC 081913

    Day 3 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0213 PM CDT Mon Sep 08 2025

    Valid 101200Z - 111200Z

    ...NO SEVERE THUNDERSTORM AREAS FORECAST...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Scattered showers and thunderstorms are possible over parts of the
    Northwest, Northern Rockies and High Plains Wednesday. A stronger
    storm or two is possible, but severe potential is low.

    ...Synopsis...
    Long-wave troughing will deepen across the western US on Wednesday,
    with heights increasing in the central US ridge. A belt of enhanced southwesterly flow aloft will move across the Great Basin into
    Wyoming and Montana through the period. Widely scattered
    thunderstorm development is expected across the Pacific Northwest
    into the northern Rockies and central/northern Plains. Additional
    thunderstorms will be possible along the Gulf Coast.

    ...Northern and Central High Plains...
    As southwesterly flow overspreads the northern Rockies, a surface
    low is progged to develop across eastern Montana. Moisture transport
    will increase with mass response with dew points in the low to mid
    60s spreading across the Dakotas into eastern Montana. Owing to the strengthening ridge, mostly sunny skies are progged across much of
    the central/high plains. This should promote strong daytime heating
    and moderate instability across portions of Nebraska into the
    Dakotas. As strong MLCIN will also be over the region, it is
    uncertain how many thunderstorms will develop given relatively weak
    forcing. Gradual cooling from the advancing mid-level trough should
    aid in erosion of MLCIN through time, with at least isolated
    thunderstorms capable of strong to severe wind possible across the
    Black Hills or along the lee trough into eastern WY. For now, this
    threat remains too uncertain to include probabilities.

    ...Northwest and Northern Rockies...
    The western trough will support widely scattered thunderstorm
    development across much of the Pacific Northwest into the northern
    Rockies. Modest moisture and sufficient deep layer shear amid steep
    low to mid-level lapse rates may support some instances of strong to
    severe wind. However, largely meridional flow aloft, remnant cloud
    cover, and MLCAPE generally less than 500 J/kg suggest organized
    severe potential should remain limited.

    ..Thornton.. 09/08/2025

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Tuesday, September 09, 2025 07:32:12
    ACUS03 KWNS 090732
    SWODY3
    SPC AC 090730

    Day 3 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0230 AM CDT Tue Sep 09 2025

    Valid 111200Z - 121200Z

    ...NO SEVERE THUNDERSTORM AREAS FORECAST...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Isolated thunderstorms are possible across Montana and the Dakotas,
    as well as the southern High Plains and Intermountain West Thursday. Uncertainty on storm coverage/intensity remains high.

    ...Synopsis...
    A broad upper low over the Great Basin is forecast to slowly drift
    eastward Thursday with several smaller shortwaves passing through
    it. An embedded perturbation along the eastern flank of the low will
    accompany a mid-level jet over portions of the northern Rockies and
    Plains. This will help deepen a lee cyclone and trailing lee trough
    much of the High Plains.

    ...Montana and western Dakotas...
    As the upper low gradually edges closer, an embedded shortwave
    trough and mid-level jet will pass over the northern Rockies and
    Plains Thursday afternoon. The surface low over central MT should
    deepen, increasing low-level southeasterly flow. A warm front,
    extending southeastward from the surface low, will gradually lift
    northward with 60+ F dewpoints in its wake over the northern High
    Plains. Modest low-level convergence along the trailing lee trough
    and near a weak cold front emanating from the low could support
    isolated storms over eastern MT and the western Dakotas. With
    sufficient buoyancy and increasing flow aloft from the upper jet,
    some potential for organized multicells or transient supercells is
    apparent. However, model solutions vary considerable on the degree
    of capping and resulting storm development. Given these
    uncertainties, no severe probabilities will be added currently,
    though some risk for severe gusts and hail could be needed in future
    updates.

    ...Central and Southern High Plains...
    Farther south, the lee trough may serve as a focus for isolated
    storm development Thursday afternoon amidst strong heating and
    increasing low-level moisture over the central and southern High
    Plains. However, forcing for ascent beneath the shortwave ridge
    appears weak as the main trough and shortwave are likely to remain
    over the Rockies and Four Corners where low-level moisture is
    modest. While isolated high-based storms could develop and pose a
    risk for locally gusty winds, confidence in a broader severe risk is
    low.

    ..Lyons.. 09/09/2025

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Tuesday, September 09, 2025 18:54:43
    ACUS03 KWNS 091854
    SWODY3
    SPC AC 091853

    Day 3 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0153 PM CDT Tue Sep 09 2025

    Valid 111200Z - 121200Z

    ...THERE IS A MARGINAL RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS ACROSS WESTERN
    SOUTH DAKOTA...MUCH OF NORTH DAKOTA...AND EASTERN MONTANA...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Isolated strong to severe thunderstorms are possible across Montana
    and the Dakotas on Thursday. Additional isolated storms are possible
    across the southern High Plains and Intermountain West.

    ...Discussion...
    Persistent southwesterly flow across the Rockies will maintain
    persistent lee troughing across the central/northern High Plains.
    East of this lee trough, a large reservoir of low to mid 60s
    dewpoints will be present across the Plains which will lead to
    moderate instability from Kansas to the Canadian border. Isolated
    thunderstorms may be possible by Thursday afternoon as inhibition
    erodes along this trough axis. Organized thunderstorms will be most
    likely from southwest South Dakota to western North Dakota/eastern
    Montana where stronger mid-level flow and weak height falls will be
    present. Very steep mid-level lapse rates and somewhat dry
    low-levels will support the potential for large hail some severe
    wind gust threat.

    Overall, weak forcing may keep storm coverage isolated. However, if
    greater storm coverage occurs, a hail driven Slight Risk may be
    warranted given at least marginal supercell wind profiles across the
    region.

    ..Bentley.. 09/09/2025

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Wednesday, September 10, 2025 07:35:21
    ACUS03 KWNS 100735
    SWODY3
    SPC AC 100734

    Day 3 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0234 AM CDT Wed Sep 10 2025

    Valid 121200Z - 131200Z

    ...NO SEVERE THUNDERSTORM AREAS FORECAST...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Isolated storms are possible over parts of the Northern Plains and
    Upper Midwest with additional storms possible over the Rockies and
    Great Basin Friday. Severe potential is uncertain.

    ...Northern Plains and Upper Midwest...
    Shortwave ridging over the northern Plains and Upper Midwest is
    forecast to shift eastward Friday as weak troughing emerges from the
    Rockies. A modest increase in mid-level southwesterly flow will
    impinge upon rich low-level moisture near a weakening surface low
    and stalled warm front across the Dakotas and western MN. Low-level
    convergence near the low/front may serve as a focus for isolated
    thunderstorm development Friday afternoon and evening. Moderate
    MLCAPE around 2000 J/kg and steepening mid-level lapse rates could
    support a few stronger storms. Some enhancement of the mid-level
    flow may allow for a few storms to organize with some clustering and
    isolated strong outflow gusts. The primary uncertainty remains storm
    coverage with most guidance showing only sporadic convection through
    much of the day. An increase in convective coverage is possible
    overnight and into early Saturday as a 35-40 kt southerly low-level
    jet develops across the central Plains, bolstering low-level warm
    advection. Should this occur, one or more clusters of thunderstorms
    could propagate eastward along the warm front, potentially posing a
    risk for severe gusts. However, this is highly uncertain and with
    substantial model differences evident, no severe probabilities will
    be introduced.

    ...Intermountain West...
    Monsoon moisture is expected to linger over portions of the eastern
    Great Basin and central Rockies Friday ahead of a broad upper low. A
    shortwave trough within the southwesterly flow aloft will overspread
    the region near peak heating. The increase in ascent will support
    scattered thunderstorms over portions of the Intermountain West
    Friday afternoon and evening. While buoyancy will not be overly
    large (~500 J/kg of MLCAPE) and some remnant cloud cover/convection
    could overturn the air mass, increasingly strong southwesterly flow
    aloft could support a few stronger thunderstorms/clusters. With a
    fairly dry air mass in place, stronger downdrafts could be capable
    of isolated gusty winds given steep low-level lapse rates.

    ..Lyons.. 09/10/2025

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Wednesday, September 10, 2025 18:38:37
    ACUS03 KWNS 101838
    SWODY3
    SPC AC 101837

    Day 3 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0137 PM CDT Wed Sep 10 2025

    Valid 121200Z - 131200Z

    ...THERE IS A MARGINAL RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS FOR THE FOUR
    CORNERS REGION...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Isolated strong to severe storms capable of isolated large hail and
    severe wind gusts are possible across the Four Corners region on
    Friday. Additional storms are possible over the northern Plains and
    Upper Midwest Friday morning and Friday night.

    ...Synopsis...
    On Friday, a strong trough will begin across the Intermountain West
    with a trough across the Plains and a trough along the East Coast.
    The pattern will shift slowly east through the day. At the surface,
    expansive high pressure will lead to fair weather across much of the
    eastern CONUS with a weak lee cyclone in the central/northern
    Plains.

    ...Four Corners Region...
    Residual moisture within the Southwest and central Rockies will
    result in 500 to 1000 J/kg MLCAPE by early Friday afternoon across
    portions of the Southwest and into southeast Utah and western
    Colorado. This instability, combined with weak height falls and
    terrain circulations will result in widespread thunderstorm activity
    Friday afternoon. Moderate mid-level flow (40 to 45 knots) will
    result in sufficient speed shear for some organized storm potential.
    While instability will be overall weak, pockets of greater
    instability/stronger storms may result in a few isolated supercells
    with a threat for large hail and severe wind gusts.

    ...Northern Plains...
    A cluster of storms may be ongoing at the beginning of the period
    across the eastern Dakotas/western Minnesota. If this occurs, some
    marginal wind/hail threat could exist during the morning before the
    low-level jet weakens. However, there is considerable uncertainty at
    this time whether ongoing convection will be in place Friday
    morning.

    Additional storm coverage uncertainty exists Friday night. Most
    guidance is fairly consistently showing a 40 to 50 knot low-level
    jet across the central Plains. Moderate instability will exist
    across southern South Dakota and if isentropic ascent can reach this
    far north, some elevated strong to isolated severe storms may be
    possible Friday night. However, at this time there is considerable
    uncertainty whether this frontal zone and the low-level jet will
    overlap. In addition, the low-level jet remains mostly veered Friday
    night which will result in relatively weak isentropic ascent.
    Therefore, a conditional elevated hail threat may exist across South
    Dakota Friday night, but storm coverage remains too uncertain at
    this time for probabilities.

    ..Bentley.. 09/10/2025

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Thursday, September 11, 2025 07:31:43
    ACUS03 KWNS 110731
    SWODY3
    SPC AC 110730

    Day 3 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0230 AM CDT Thu Sep 11 2025

    Valid 131200Z - 141200Z

    ...THERE IS A MARGINAL RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS ACROSS PORTIONS
    OF THE CENTRAL AND SOUTHERN HIGH PLAINS...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Strong to severe storms, capable of strong wind gusts, are possible
    over parts of the southern and central High Plains Saturday.
    Scattered to numerous storms are also possible over the northern
    Plains and Midwest, though confidence in severe potential is lower
    here.

    ..Central and southern High Plains...
    A cold front associated with a broad upper trough ejecting over the
    central US is forecast to move east over the central/southern High
    Plains Saturday. Southerly low-level flow is expected ahead of the
    front, supporting weak moisture advection. Showers/storms and
    remnant cloud cover are likely early in the day which could impact
    later destabilization. Still, most guidance shows a loose band of
    storms developing by early afternoon along the front within stronger southwesterly flow aloft favorable for marginally organized
    lines/clusters. Some heating ahead of these storms is expected to
    modestly steepen low-level lapse rates, which could support isolated
    severe gusts with the strongest storms Saturday afternoon and
    evening.

    ...Northern Plains...
    The broad upper trough will slowly move eastward over the Plains as
    shortwave ridging builds over the upper Midwest. East of the trough,
    a weak surface low and stalled front will persist over the Dakotas
    while a weak cold front moves eastward out of the Rockies. Scattered
    storms are likely to be ongoing near the surface low across the
    Dakotas early Saturday. Some isolated gusty winds or hail are
    possible near the cold front/low if sufficient destabilization can
    occur at the surface. However, there remains significant uncertainty
    in this occurring given the potential for widespread convection.

    ...Midwest and Great Lakes...
    A second upper trough will move out of southern Canada over the
    eastern Great Lakes and northeast States east of the ridge.
    Northerly flow aloft will be modestly enhanced with the passage of
    the trough. Some thunderstorms are possible along the western flank
    of the trough near a stalled front across the western Great Lakes
    and Midwest. Moderate buoyancy across southern MN/WI into northern
    IL/IA could support a few stronger storms during the afternoon,
    though the modest flow aloft is unlikely to support much
    organization or severe potential.

    ..Lyons.. 09/11/2025

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Thursday, September 11, 2025 19:30:48
    ACUS03 KWNS 111930
    SWODY3
    SPC AC 111929

    Day 3 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0229 PM CDT Thu Sep 11 2025

    Valid 131200Z - 141200Z

    ...THERE IS A MARGINAL RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS ACROSS PORTIONS
    OF THE NORTHERN PLAINS AND THE CENTRAL/SOUTHERN HIGH PLAINS...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Strong to severe storms are possible over parts of the southern and
    central High Plains and northern Plains Saturday. Scattered to
    numerous storms are also possible over the Midwest, though
    confidence in severe potential is lower here.

    ...Synopsis...
    A large, negatively-tilted trough will shift east across the Rockies
    on Saturday with a weak lee cyclone across the northern Plains. A
    dry, continental airmass will be in place across the eastern CONUS
    where high pressure will be in place.

    ...Southern/central High Plains...
    Low-level moisture advection across the High Plains, combined with
    cooling temperatures aloft will lead to some destabilization across
    eastern New Mexico and into the central High Plains Saturday
    afternoon. Overall heating/instability will likely be somewhat muted
    by cloudcover ahead of the upper-level trough. Nonetheless, as the
    cold front advances east of the terrain and interacts with weak to
    potentially moderate instability, stronger updrafts may develop.
    Around 40 knots of mid-level flow will result in moderate
    instability and the potential for some storm organization. Overall
    expect limited instability to keep the threat limited/isolated.

    ...Northern Plains...
    Guidance consistently shows moisture wrapping around the northern
    portion of a cyclone across South Dakota Saturday morning, this
    moisture, combined with cooling temperatures aloft and isentropic
    ascent may result in a few elevated thunderstorms capable of large
    hail on Saturday morning. Additional storms may develop north of the
    surface low as temperatures cool aloft and some surface-based
    instability develops in the wake of morning storms. This environment
    may also support a few strong storms capable of isolated damaging
    winds/large hail.

    ..Bentley.. 09/11/2025

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Friday, September 12, 2025 07:31:53
    ACUS03 KWNS 120731
    SWODY3
    SPC AC 120730

    Day 3 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0230 AM CDT Fri Sep 12 2025

    Valid 141200Z - 151200Z

    ...THERE IS A MARGINAL RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS PORTIONS OF THE
    NORTHERN AND CENTRAL PLAINS...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Strong to severe storms are possible in the parts of the northern
    and central Plains on Sunday.

    ...Synopsis...
    An upper-level trough, initially within the central High Plains,
    will pivot northeastward into the central/northern Plains on Sunday.
    A surface low is forecast within the Dakotas with a weaker trough
    extending into the southern High Plains.

    ...Northern/central Plains...
    A surface low is expected to be in the northern Plains. This, along
    with a surface trough extending to the south and a warm front across
    the Upper Midwest, should provide some focus for storm development
    during the afternoon. Given the orientation of the upper trough,
    hodographs will tend to have some veer-back characteristics in the
    mid/upper levels. Even so, enough vertical shear should exist to
    promote organized storms. Cloud cover may hinder surface heating,
    more so to the north. Temperatures near -10 C at 500 mb will allow
    for 1000-1500 J/kg MLCAPE with perhaps near 2000 J/kg in
    Nebraska/Kansas. The highest confidence in storm initiation is
    within parts of the central/eastern Dakotas where the greater
    low/mid-level forcing will be. Forcing becomes less certain with
    southern extent. Large hail and severe gusts are the main hazards.

    ...Southern High Plains...
    A more conditional severe threat exists in this area. Model guidance
    is not consistent with regard to how fast the trough will eject into
    the Plains and pivot northeast. In either case, the surface
    trough/convergence will be weak. The slower ECMWF solution would
    suggest greater potential for initiation even though there still
    will be slight mid-level height rises during the afternoon/evening.
    Sufficient mid-level flow across the southern Rockies could promote
    organized storms, but confidence in initiation/coverage is much too
    low for probabilities.

    ..Wendt.. 09/12/2025

    $$

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